Classification Of Fibre

All the textile fibres are classified according to their staple length into two categories, such as staple fibre and filament.

Staple Fibres : It has a limited length that varies according to the type, such as cotton, wool, jute etc. There are two types of staple fibre, one is short staple fibre, another one is long staple fibre. Cotton is mainly short staple fibre and other maximum natural fibres are long staple except silk. Silk is only natural fibre that is filament.

Filament : It has continuous length that means the length of filament is equal to the length of yarn. All man-made fibres are filament. Man-made fibres are produced as filament, although they used as staple fibres if necessary. So filaments are used as staple fibre, but staple fibres never used as filament.

Properties Of Textile Fibres

Primary Properties of Textile Fibres :

• High length to width ratio
• Tenacity
• Flexibility
• Spinning quality (Cohesiveness)
• Uniformity

Secondary Properties of Textile Fibres :

• Physical shape
• Elastic recovery and elongation
• Resiliency
• Flammability and other thermal reactions
• Density
• Lusture
• Colour
• Moisture regain

Introduction To Textiles

The word "textiles" originally applied only to woven fabrics, now generally applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics or products made of fibers, yarns or fabrics. The term "textiles" originates from the latin verb texere-to weave- but, as the Textile Institute's Terms and Definitions Glossary explains, it is now "a general term applied to any manufacture from fibres, filaments or yarns characterized by flexibility, fineness and high ratio of length to thickness".

Textiles, especially fabric is the fundamental component of ready-made garment, because it is the basic raw material of a garment. So, it is important to know the manufacturing sequence of fabric from fibre. The quality product is the main goal at present time. Without knowledge of Textile Manufacturing i.e. fibre, yarn and fabrics it is impossible to maintain the quality of a garment. Before elaborating on whole process of grey fabric manufacturing let look us on what is textile fibre, yarn, fabric and what are the process flow chat of Textile Manufacturing can be described through this blog.

General Terms Related To Textiles :-

Textile : A term originally applied only to woven fabrics, but the terms textile and the plural textiles are now also applied to fibres, filaments and yarns, natural of manufactured, and most products for which these are a principal raw material.

Textile Fibre : Any substance, natural or manufactured, with a high length length to width ratio and with suitable characteristics for being processed into fabric, the smallest component, hair like in nature, that can be separated from a fabric.

Yarn : An assemblage of fibres that is twisted or laid together so as to form a continuous strand that can be made into a textile fabric. So a yarn is strand of natural or man made fibres or filaments that have been twisted or grouped together for use in weaving, knitting, or other methods of constructing textile fabrics. The type of yarn to be manufacture will depend on the fibres selected; the texture, or hand, of the fabric to be made; and qualities such as warmth, resiliency, softness, and durability required in the fabric's end uses.

Fabric : Fabric is a flexible planar substance constructed from solutions, fibres, yarns, or fabrics, in any combination. Textile fabrics can be produced directly from webs of fibres by bonding, fusing or interlocking to make non-woven fabrics and felts, but their physical properties tend to restrict their potential end-usage. The mechanical manipulation of yarn into fabric is the most versatile method of manufacturing textile fabrics for a wide range of end-uses.